莱州湾海岸带环境与功能区划初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

易亮  于洪军  徐兴永  苏乔  姚菁 《海岸工程》2010,29(1):30-39

利用国家海洋局第一海洋研究所2007—2008年莱州湾地下水监测数据,在甄别、整理的基础上,进行了相关分析、主成分和聚类分析。根据聚类分析各类别的地下水质特征,同时考虑到区域的可持续发展,划分出海水入侵预防治理区、海水入侵重点治理区、养殖与海化产业区和海化工业区共四个区域。  相似文献   

中国沿海管角螺4个自然群体形态差异的比较   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

罗福广  李斌  罗平秀  郑惠芳  潘英 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(3)

运用多变量形态度量学方法,采用7个形态性状对中国北海、温州、湛江、连云港4个管角螺自然群体的形态变异进行分析研究.聚类分析和主成分分析结果表明,北海群体与湛江群体形态最为接近,而温州群体与连云港群体形态差异较大.主成分分析构建了4个主成分,其贡献率:主成分1为42.74%,主成分2为18.23%,主成分3为15.83%,主成分4为11.83%,累计贡献率为88.63%.建立了4个管角螺群体的判别函数,其判别准确率P_1为81.3%～95.6%,判别准确率P_2为75.0%～93.3%,综合判别率为87.3%.3种多元分析结果均认为,4个群体在形态上有一定程度的差异,与地理分布、环境、气候、生物饵料等因子有关,但差异尚未达到亚种水平.  相似文献   

产过氧化氢酶菌株CE-1 的筛选与鉴定     

张增祥  王伟  郝建华  牛瑞  孙谧 《海洋科学》2010,34(11):54-58

经过含H2O2的平板初筛和摇瓶发酵复筛,从保存的水样中筛选到一株过氧化氢酶高产菌株CE-1,其所产过氧化氢酶活性和比活分别为1 356.2 U/mL和3 401 U/mg。菌株CE-1为革兰氏阴性杆状细菌,根据其形态特征、16S rRNA基因序列系统进化树分析和生理生化特性,以及属内不同种间性状差异等因素的综合分析,将菌株CE-1鉴定为气单胞属(Aeromonas)细菌。  相似文献   

全球百年海表面温度年际和年代际变化特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张锦婷  刘秦玉  武术 《海洋学报》2010,32(4):24-31

利用100 a(1903—2002年)HadiSST的逐月资料,将全球海表面温度异常(SSTA)作为整体进行经验正交函数分解(EOF分解),提取了控制各大洋SSTA的主导模态和各大洋之间的联合模态,分析了相应的空间分布和时间序列。研究结果表明:SSTA变化最剧烈的海区是赤道中东太平洋、西北大西洋湾流海区和北太平洋黑潮延伸体海区。热带太平洋厄尔尼诺和南方涛动是主导模态并具有2~7 a周期的年际变化;SSTA变化第二主模态和第三主模态都是以大约70 a为周期的年代际变化为主的跨大洋联合模态。第二主模态的空间分布主要表现为中纬度北太平洋和北大西洋反位相、热带太平洋与大西洋反位相的太平洋-大西洋双偶极子型分布。SSTA变化的第三模态主要呈现南北半球海洋反位相的特征,为北太平洋-北大西洋-南大洋联合模态。第四模态基本上是反映各个不同海域特有的局地海洋-大气相互作用模态,该模态的时间序列具有1~4 a周期的年际变化和约9 a周期的年代际变化。  相似文献   

Risk identification and perception in the fisheries sector: Comparisons between the Faroes,Greece, Iceland and UK     

Diana Tingley  Jóhann Ásmundsson  Edward Borodzicz  Alexis Conides  Ben Drakeford  Ingi Rúnar Eðvarðsson  Dennis Holm  Kostas Kapiris  Sakari Kuikka  Bogi Mortensen 《Marine Policy》2010

This paper presents the findings of risk identification and risk perception research conducted in relation to the fisheries systems of four distinct and diverse European countries: Faroes, Iceland, Greece and the UK. Risk research traditionally attempts to quantify the potential threat or consequences from a range of risk events or hazards. This research, however, adopted a social sciences perspective and so assumed that a risk event or hazard can mean different things to different people and that these perceptions are also context and culturally dependent. Risk perceptions were examined and risk registers developed in each country for a range of stakeholder groups. A ‘mental modelling’ approach was adopted in a series of qualitative interviews. Findings were examined in terms of a wide range of psychological, social and cultural risk theories. Differences in risk perceptions were noted between stakeholder groups and countries and contextual influences were examined such as the widely differing fisheries management systems used in each country. This research provides one of the first attempts to systematically evaluate risks and perceptions across a range of fisheries-systems. The findings support social science theories which argue that risk is a subjective, as opposed to objective, concept and that this subjectivity will therefore affect our attempts to assess and manage those hazards we think we can potentially influence or control.  相似文献   

A field test of a linear stability model for crescentic bars     

M.C.H. Tiessen  S.M. van Leeuwen  D. Calvete  N. Dodd 《Coastal Engineering》2010

A morphodynamical linear stability analysis is used to predict the natural development of crescentic bed patterns and rip channels. The purpose is to investigate whether this technique, which is useful for understanding the physics of emerging bed-forms, can be used to make quantitative predictions in the field, which may then be of use for coastal engineers.  相似文献   

平台钢在海洋环境中腐蚀因子的灰色关联分析     

兰志刚  侯保荣  宋积文  陈胜利  张杰 《海洋科学》2010,34(11):69-71

结合海洋平台实测的pH值、温度、溶解氧、盐度、生物附着等数据,通过灰色关联算法分析了海水腐蚀因子对平台钢腐蚀的影响,并按实际影响大小进行了排序。结果表明海水腐蚀因子对于A537-1钢和SM50B-ZC钢平均腐蚀速率的影响主次顺序不同。对平台钢的腐蚀规律研究及现场应用提供了可参考的依据。  相似文献   

A numerical study of mechanical behavior of a cement paste under mechanical loading and chemical leaching          下载免费PDF全文

Y. Jia  H.B. Bian  S.Y. Xie  N. Burlion  J.F. Shao 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(18):1848-1869

Based on relevant experimental data of a petroleum cement paste under mechanical loading and chemical leaching, an elastic‐plastic model is first proposed by taking into account plastic shearing and pore collapse. The degradation of mechanical properties induced by the chemical leaching is characterized by a chemical damage variable which is defined as the increase of porosity. Both elastic and plastic properties of the cement paste are affected by the chemical damage. The proposed model is calibrated from and applied to describe mechanical responses in triaxial compression tests respectively on sound and fully leached samples. In the second part, a phenomenological chemical model is defined to establish the relationship between porosity change and calcium dissolution process. The dissolution kinetics is governed by a diffusion law taking into account the variation of diffusion coefficient with calcium concentration. The chemical model is coupled with the mechanical model, and both are applied to describe mechanical response of cement paste samples subjected to progressive chemical leaching and compressive stresses. Comparisons between experimental data and numerical results are presented.  相似文献   

Analysis of the contributions of topographic,soil, and vegetation features on the spatial distributions of surface soil moisture in a steep natural forested headwater catchment          下载免费PDF全文

Wei‐Li Liang  Sheng‐Lun Li  Feng‐Xu Hung 《水文研究》2017,31(22):3796-3809

Surface soil moisture has been extensively studied for various land uses and landforms. Although many studies have reported potential factors that control surface soil moisture over space or time, the findings have not always been consistent, indicating a need for identification of the main factors. This study focused on the static controls of topographic, soil, and vegetation features on surface soil moisture in a steep natural forested headwater catchment consisting of three hillslope units of a gully area, side slope, and valley‐head slope. Using a simple correlation analysis to investigate the effects of the static factors on surface soil moisture at depths of 0–20 cm at 470 points in 13 surveys, we addressed the characteristics of surface soil moisture and its main controlling factors. The results indicated that the mean of surface soil moisture was in the decreasing order of gully area > valley‐head slope > side slope. The relationship between the mean and standard deviation of surface soil moisture showed a convex‐upward shape in the headwater catchment, a negative curvilinear shape in the gully area, and positive curvilinear shapes at the side and valley‐head slopes. At the headwater catchment and valley‐head slope, positive contributions of soil porosity and negative contributions of slope gradient and saturated hydraulic conductivity were the main controlling factors of surface soil moisture under wetter conditions, whereas positive contributions of topographic wetness index and negative contributions of vegetation density were the main controlling factors of surface soil moisture under drier conditions. At the side slope underlain by fractured bedrocks, only saturated hydraulic conductivity and vegetation density were observed to be the controlling factors. Surface soil moisture in the gully area was mainly affected by runoff rather than were static features. Thus, using hillslope units is effective for approximately estimating the hydrological behaviours of surface moisture on a larger scale, whereas dependency between the main static factors and moisture conditions is helpful for estimating the spatial distributions of surface moisture on a smaller scale.  相似文献   

Do paleoclimate proxies agree? A test comparing 19 late Holocene climate and sea‐ice reconstructions from Icelandic marine and lake sediments     

Yarrow Axford  Camilla S. Andresen  John T. Andrews  Simon T. Belt  Áslaug Geirsdóttir  Guillaume Massé  Gifford H. Miller  Sædís Ólafsdóttir  Lindsay L. Vare 《第四纪科学杂志》2011,26(6):645-656

Geochemical, mineralogical and biological indicators preserved in sediments are widely used to reconstruct past climate change, but proxies differ in the degree to which their utility as climate indicators has been validated via laboratory experiments, modern spatial calibrations, or down‐core comparisons with instrumental climate data. Multi‐proxy studies provide another means of evaluating interpretations of proxies. This paper presents a multi‐proxy assessment comparing 19 sub‐centennially resolved late Holocene proxy records, covering the period 300–1900 AD, from seven Icelandic marine and lacustrine core sites. We employ simple statistical comparisons between proxy reconstructions to evaluate their correlations over time and, ultimately, their utility as proxies for regional climate. Proxies examined include oxygen isotopic composition of benthic and planktonic foraminifera, abundance of the sea‐ice biomarker IP₂₅, allochthonous quartz in marine sediments (a proxy for drift ice around Iceland), marine carbonate abundance, total organic carbon concentration, chironomid assemblages, lacustrine biogenic silica and carbon/nitrogen ratios in lake sediments. Most of the examined proxy records, including temperature and sea‐ice proxies, correlate strongly with each other over multi‐centennial timescales, and thus do appear to record changes in regional climate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献